The Methodological and Ethical Issues of Conducting Management Research in the Voluntary Sector

This article discusses the methodological and ethical issues involved in conducting research in the voluntary sector. By outlining a proposed research strategy the authors highlight the challenges and issues that voluntary sector researchers face. The article concludes that the nature of the voluntary sector and the unique characteristics of voluntary organizations not only impact on the development of voluntary sector management theory but also on the research design, ethics and practices adopted for empirical studies into voluntary organizations.     

Trade Liberalization,Nature of Mergers and Employment

This paper investigates the roles of comparative advantage and market size in the international location of manufacturing production. Building on the conventional Helpman and Krugman (1985) general equilibrium framework, our analysis extends the present literature by incorporating both effects in the same model, while allowing trade costs to vary almost continuously from autarky to free trade. The main result of our exercise is that market size effects offset comparative advantage if countries have similar factor proportions. A large country with a slight comparative disadvantage in manufacturing production may thus be a net exporter of manufactures. A small country with the same comparative disadvantage would be a net importer of manufactures. When countries are very dissimilar in their relative factor endowments, land-abundant countries specialize in the production of food, irrespective of market size, if manufactures are a labour-intensive sector. Labour-rich countries of any size are manufacture cores. However, land-abundant countries with large markets can sustain a domestic manufacturing industry until trade costs are very low, and in some cases only specialize in agriculture at free trade.     

Human capital and the re‐employment of retrenchment labor in urban China

The inefficiency of state‐owned enterprises, followed by the economic reform in urban China, resulted in large‐scale retrenchment during the late1990s. The laid‐off workers were middle‐aged, not well educated and had accumulated a lot of firm‐specific human capital that was unlikely to be of value in the product market. In this study, we investigate how differently human capital affects laid‐off workers’ occupation choices: self‐employment, re‐employment and remaining unemployed. Using 2002 Chinese Household Income Project and 2009 Urban Household Survey datasets, we find that although general human capital measured by education is positively related to the probability of finding a job, it is negatively associated with the probability of self‐employment. Displaced workers with more sector‐specific work experience are more likely to be self‐employed than to be employed by others. Government‐sponsored training significantly increases the likelihood of finding a job. Health is positively associated with re‐employment.     

医药制造业发明专利与产业发展的空间耦合协调研究

专利与产业协调发展对实现产业创新发展至关重要。采用改进的象限图法以及专利重心与产业重心空间耦合态势模型，定量分析我国医药制造业发明专利与产业发展之间的耦合协调关系以及两者的时空动态演变趋势。结果表明，目前我国医药制造业发明专利与产业发展间存在明显偏离，耦合协调性主要表现为西高东低、北高南低的分布格局；近5年来，耦合协调性有所提高，发明专利重心与产业发展重心间的距离逐渐缩小，变动一致性提高。结论可为专利密集型产业、高技术产业专利与产业协调发展提供理论和实证支持。     

中国地方政府的产业偏好与服务业增长

作为现阶段中国经济政策的执行者和基层市场体系的维护者,地方政府为何会对辖区内的工业和服务业展现不同的偏好?遵循财政收入和政治收益两条线索,我们描述比较了省级层面二、三产业的增长特征,并将该特征纳入一个约束下的双目标模型,模拟地方政府在现行政绩考核体系激励下的策略行为。我们发现,发展服务业耗费执政资源更多、见效更慢,同时回报更低,而现行服务业指标并不能产生合意的额外激励,因而服务业对大多数地方政府缺乏吸引力。以各省"十五"规划中提取的信息为基础进行实证检验,结果显示了地方政府偏好对辖区内服务业增长的影响及其在年度间的分布变动。     

以海洋新旧动能转换推动海洋经济高质量发展研究——以山东省青岛市为例

推动海洋新旧动能转换能够促进沿海城市孕育新产业、引领新增长。青岛市作为国家新旧动能转换综合试验区“三核”引领城市之一,加强青岛市建设全国蓝色领军城市研究能够为全国海洋城市建设起到示范作用。近年来,青岛市海洋经济快速发展,但投资拉动、资源消耗型特征仍比较明显,科技创新对经济增长的拉动作用不显著,各功能区海洋创新链与产业链错位严重,海洋开发空间结构性矛盾突出。青岛市应从提升全国“海洋科学城”地位、建设全国高水平的海洋大科学装置平台、加大创新要素引进力度和启动离岸海洋新兴产业试验区等方面推动全国蓝色领军城市的建设。     

Small firms and networks in capital intensive industries: The case of Spanish steel wire manufacturing

This article uses an interdisciplinary approach to gain a better understanding of the organization of the Spanish industry in a long-term perspective. Sociological concepts about networks, and studies about family firms from management and business history literatures, are combined to illuminate the dominance of family ownership in capital intensive industries. Popp, Toms and Wilson's work on the spatialization of resource distribution and resource dependence has been used to understand the dominance of small family firms co-ordinated by networks in the particular case study of the Spanish steel wire manufactures. The article also has important implications for questioning Casson's interpretation about the difficulties dynastic family firms may have in science-wire rod industries.     

中国服务业结构变动与增长的关联分析

1991年以来我国服务业发展呈现出明显的结构变动特征。本文通过对我国服务业内部结构与服务业增长之间相关关系进行动态和静态的实证分析,得出结论认为我国四个层次服务业的合理发展次序应为三、一、二、四。我国第二、四层次服务业发展速度应低于第一层次服务业,第三层次服务业发展速度应高于第一层次服务业,目前我国第一层次服务业增长速度趋缓不利于拉动我国服务业的进一步增长。文章最后给出了结论与政策性启示。     

外国直接投资的国际贸易效应:基于我国行业数据的分析

本文在Rybczynski定理的基础上考察了外国直接投资与国际贸易之间替代和互补的关系。在理论分析部分,建立了一个简化的要素特定模型,分析了特定部门初始贸易状态与部门产出以及外国直接投资的关系。在实证分析部分,用我国各行业外国直接投资和贸易的数据对其进行了检验,结果发现外国直接投资对我国各行业贸易的影响都很显著,但是具体的替代和互补关系却因时期不同而不同。     

美国监狱私有化原因研究

私有化是将政府整体或部分职责转移到私人部门的过程,监狱私有化意味着私人部门参与提供传统上由政府提供的管教服务.探究美国监狱私有化的原因,有助于估计私人监狱运动的发展前景.美国监狱私有化现象的主要动因在于快速增长的囚犯、监狱过度拥挤和成本问题.尽管监狱私有化不一定向声称的那样能够大幅度降低成本和提高效率,但是真正重要的是认识到私有化节约成本和提高效率本身是竞争过程的结果.最为重要的事情是决定如何最好地提供有关服务,而不是简单地选择要么由公共部门,要么由私人部门负责监狱体系的运转.通过引入竞争力量与机制,监狱私有化也许仍然有发展的空间.